Raspberry Pi 計算模組 4 使用者指南

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文檔版本歷史

發布	日期	描述
1	Mar 2025	Initial release. This document is heavily based on the ‘Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 forward guidance’ whitepaper.

文件範圍

本文檔適用於以下樹莓派產品：

Pi 0

Pi 1

Pi 2

Pi 3

Pi 4

Pi 400

Pi 5

Pi 500

CM1

CM3

CM4

CM5

微微

Pico2

全部

介紹

Raspberry Pi 運算模組 5 延續了 Raspberry Pi 的傳統，採用最新的旗艦 Raspberry Pi 計算機，打造出適用於嵌入式應用的小型、硬體等效的產品。 Raspberry Pi 運算模組 5 擁有與 Raspberry Pi 運算模組 4 相同的緊湊外形，但效能更高，功能更完善。當然，Raspberry Pi 計算模組 4 和 Raspberry Pi 計算模組 5 之間存在一些差異，本文將對此進行介紹。

筆記
For the few customers who are unable to use Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5, Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 will stay in production until at least 2034.
The Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 datasheet should be read in conjunction with this whitepaper.
https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/cm5/cm5-datasheet.pdf

主要特點

Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 has the following features:

Quad-core 64-bit Arm Cortex-A76 (Armv8) SoC clocked @ 2.4GHz
2GB, 4GB, 8GB, or 16GB LPDDR4 SDRAM
On-board eMMC flash memory, OGB (Lite model), 16GB, 32GB, or 64GB options

2 個 USB 3.0 連接埠
1 Gb Ethernet interface
2x 4-lane MIPI ports supporting both DSI and CSI-2
2x HDMI ports able to support 4Kp60 simultaneously
28x GPIO pins
On-board test points to simplify production programming
Internal EEPROM on the bottom to improve security
On-board RTC (external battery via 100-pin connectors)
On-board fan controller
On-board Wi-Fi®/Bluetooth (depending on SKU)
1-lane PCIe 2.0′
Type-C PD PSU support

筆記
Not all SDRAM/eMMC configurations are available. Please check with our sales team.
In some applications PCIe Gen 3.0 is possible, but this is not officially supported.

Raspberry Pi 運算模組 4 相容性

For most customers, Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 will be pin-compatible with Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4.
The following features have been removed/altered between the Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 and Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 models:

複合視訊
The composite output available on Raspberry Pi 5 is NOT routed out on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5
2-lane DSI port
There are two 4-lane DSI ports available on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5, muxed with the CSI ports for a total of two

2-lane CSI port
There are two 4-lane CSI ports available on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5, muxed with the DSI ports for a total of two
2x ADC inputs

記憶

Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4’s maximum memory capacity is 8GB, whereas Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 is available in a 16GB RAM variant.

Unlike Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4, Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 is NOT available in a 1GB RAM variant.

類比音訊

Analogue audio can be muxed onto GPIO pins 12 and 13 on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5, in the same way as on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4.

Use the following device tree overlay to assign analogue audio to these pins:

Due to an errata on the RP1 chip, GPIO pins 18 and 19, which could be used for analogue audio on Raspberry Pi Compute Module
4, are not connected to the analogue audio hardware on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 and cannot be used.

筆記
The output is a bitstream rather than a genuine analogue signal. Smoothing capacitors and an ampIO 板上需要放大器來驅動線路電平輸出。

USB 啟動的變更

USB booting from a flash drive is only supported via the USB 3.0 ports on pins 134/136 and 163/165
Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 does NOT support USB host boot on the USB-C port
Unlike the BCM2711 processor, the BCM2712 does not have an XHCI controller on the USB-C interface, just a DWC2 controller on pins 103/105. Booting using 1800t is done via these pins.

變更為模組重設和掉電模式

1/0 pin 92 is now set to w Button rather than sus PG this means you need to use a PMIC EN to reset the module.

The PRIC ENABLE Signal resets the PMIC, and therefore the SoC. You can view PRIC EN when it’s driven low and released, which is functionally similar to driving tus Po low on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 and releasing it.

Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 has the added benefit of being able to reset peripherals via the nEXTRST signal. Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 will emulate this functionality on CAM GPIOT.

GLOBAL EN/PHIC EN are wired directly to the PMIC and bypass the OS completely. On Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5, use
GLOBAL EN/PHIC Es to execute a hard (but unsafe) shutdown

If there is a need, when using an existing 10 board, to retain the functionality of toggling I/O pin 92 to start a hard reset, you should intercept the Button at the software level; rather than having it invoke a system shutdown, it can be used to generate a software interrupt and, from there, to trigger a system reset directly (eg. write to S)

Device tree entry handling a power button (arch/arm64/boot/dts/broadcom/bcm2712-rpi-cm5.dtsi).

Code 116 is the standard event code for the kernel’s KEY POWER event, and there is a handler for this in the OS.

Raspberry Pi recommends using kernel watchdogs if you are concerned about the firmware or the OS crashing and leaving the power key unresponsive. ARM watchdog support is already present in Raspberry Pi OS via the device tree, and this can be customised to individual use cases. In addition, a long press/pull on the PIR Button (7 seconds) will cause the PMIC’s built-in handler to shut down the device.

詳細的引腳排列變化

CAM1 and DSI1 signals have become dual-purpose and can be used for either a CSI camera or a DSI display.

The pins previously used for CAMO and DSIO on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 now support a USB 3.0 port on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5.

The original Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 VBAC COMP pin is now a VBUS-enabled pin for the two USB 3.0 ports, and is active high. Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 has extra ESD protection on the HDMI, SDA, SCL, HPD, and CEC signals. This is removed from Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 due to space limitations. If required, ESD protection can be applied to the baseboard, although Raspberry Pi Ltd does not regard it as essential.

別針	CM4	CM5	評論
16	同步輸入	範塔喬	Fan tacho input
19	Ethernet nLED1	Fan_pwn	Fan PWM output
76	預訂的	VBAT	RTC battery. Note: There will be a constant load of a few uA, even if CM5 is powered.
92	RUN_PG	PWR_按鈕	Replicates the power button on Raspberry Pi 5. A short press signals that the device should wake up or shut down. A long press forces shutdown.
93	nRPI啟動	nRPI啟動	If the PWR_Button is low, this pin will also be set low for a short time after power-up.
94	AnalogIP1	CC1	This pin can connect to the CC1 line of a Type-C USB connector to enable the PMIC to negotiate 5A.
96	AnalogIP0	CC2	This pin can connect to the CC2 line of a Type-C USB connector to enable the PMIC to negotiate 5A.
99	Global_EN	PMIC_啟用	No external change.
100	nEXTRST	CAM_GPIO1	Pulled up on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5, but can be forced low to emulate a reset signal.
104	預訂的	PCIE_DET_nWAKE	PCIE nWAKE. Pull up to CM5_3v3 with an 8.2K resistor.
106	預訂的	PCIE_PWR_EN	Signals whether the PCIe device can be powered up or down. Active high.
111	VDAC_COMP	VBUS_EN	Output to signal that USB VBUS should be enabled.
128	攝影機0_D0_N	USB3-0-RX_N	May be P/N swapped.
130	CAM0_D0_P	USB3-0-RX_P	May be P/N swapped.
134	攝影機0_D1_N	USB3-0-DP	USB 2.0 signal.
136	CAM0_D1_P	USB3-0-DM	USB 2.0 signal.
140	CAM0_C_N	USB3-0-TX_N	May be P/N swapped.
142	CAM0_C_P	USB3-0-TX_P	May be P/N swapped.
157	DSI0_D0_N	USB3-1-RX_N	May be P/N swapped.
159	DSI0_D0_P	USB3-1-RX_P	May be P/N swapped.
163	DSI0_D1_N	USB3-1-DP	USB 2.0 signal.
165	DSI0_D1_P	USB3-1-DM	USB 2.0 signal.
169	DSI0_C_N	USB3-1-TX_N	May be P/N swapped.
171	DSI0_C_P	USB3-1-TX_P	May be P/N swapped.

除上述內容外，PCIe CLK 訊號不再電容耦合。

印刷電路板

Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5′s PCB is thicker than Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4′s, measuring at 1.24mm+/-10%.

軌道長度

HDMI0 track lengths have changed. Each P/N pair remains matched, but the skew between pairs is now <1mm for existing motherboards. This is unlikely to make a difference, as the skew between pairs can be in the order of 25 mm.

HDMI1 track lengths have also changed. Each P/N pair remains matched, but the skew between pairs is now <5mm for existing motherboards. This is unlikely to make a difference, as the skew between pairs can be in the order of 25 mm.
乙太網路軌道長度已更改。每個 P/N 對仍然保持匹配，但對於現有主機板，線對之間的偏移現在小於 4 毫米。這不太可能造成影響，因為線對之間的偏移可能在 12 毫米左右。

連接器

兩個 100 針連接器已更換為其他品牌。這些連接器與現有連接器相容，但已在高電流下進行測試。主機板上的配套部件是 Amphenol P/N 10164227-1001A1RLF

功率預算

As Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 is significantly more powerful than Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4, it will consume more electrical power. Power supply designs should budget for SV up to 2.5A. If this creates an issue with an existing motherboard design, it is possible to reduce the CPU clock rate to lower the peak power consumption.

The firmware monitors the current limit for USB, which effectively means that usb mas surrant, enable is always 1 on CM5, the 10 board design should take the total USB current required into consideration.

The firmware will report the detected power supply capabilities (if possible) via device-tree. On a running system, see /proc/device tree/chosen/poser/這些 files 儲存為 32 位元大端二進位資料。

軟體變更/要求

從軟體角度 viewRaspberry Pi 計算模組 4 和 Raspberry Pi 計算模組 5 之間的硬體變化透過新的裝置樹向使用者隱藏 files，這意味著大多數遵循標準 Linux API 的軟體無需更改即可運行。設備樹 file確保在啟動時載入正確的硬體驅動程式。
設備樹 file可以在 Raspberry Pi Linux 核心樹中找到。例如amp樂：
https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/blob/rpi-612.y/arch/arm64/boot/dis/broadcom/bom2712-pi-om5.dtsi.

建議遷移至 Raspberry Pi 計算模組 5 的使用者使用下表所示的軟體版本或更高版本。雖然不強制要求使用 Raspberry Pi OS，但其作業系統具有參考價值，因此將其納入表中。

軟體	版本	日期	筆記
Raspberry Pi OS	Bookworm (12)
韌體		From 10 Mar 2025	看 https://pip.raspberrypi.com/categories/685-app-notes-guides- whitepapers/documents/RP-003476-WP/Updating-Pi-firmware.pdf for details on upgrading firmware on an existing image. Note that Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 devices come pre-programmed with appropriate firmware
核心	6.12.x	從 2025	This is the kernel used in Raspberry Pi OS

Moving to standard Linux APIs/libraries from proprietary drivers/
韌體

以下列出的所有變更都是 2023 年 10 月從 Raspberry Pi OS Bullseye 過渡到 Raspberry Pi OS Bookworm 的一部分。雖然 Raspberry Pi 計算模組 4 能夠使用較舊的棄用 API（因為所需的舊韌體仍然存在），但 Raspberry Pi 計算模組 5 並非如此。

Raspberry Pi 計算模組 5 與 Raspberry Pi 5 一樣，現在依賴 DRM（直接渲染管理器）顯示堆疊，而不是通常稱為 DispmanX 的傳統堆疊。 Raspberry Pi 計算模組 5 上沒有 DispmanX 的韌體支持，因此遷移到 DRM 至關重要。

A similar requirement applies to cameras, Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 only supports the libcamera library’s API, so older applications that use the legacy firmware MMAL APIs, such as raspi-still and rasps-vid, no longer function.
使用 OpenMAX API（攝影機、編解碼器）的應用程式將無法在 Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 上運行，因此需要重寫以使用 V4L2。例如amp該檔案可以在 libcamera-apps GitHub 儲存庫中找到，它用於存取 H264 編碼器硬體。

OMXPlayer is no longer supported, as it also uses the MMAL API for video playback, you should use the VLC application. There is no command-line compatibility between these applications: see the VLC documentation for details on usage.
Raspberry Pi previously published a whitepaper that discusses these changes in more detail: https://pip.raspberrypi.com/categories/685-app-notes-guides-whitepapers/documents/RP-006519-WP/Transitioning-from-Buliseye-to-Bookworm.pdf.

附加資訊

While not strictly related to the transition from Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4 to Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5, Raspberry Pi Ltd has released a new version of the Raspberry Pi Compute Module provisioning software and also has two distro generation tools that users of Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5 may find useful.

rpi-sb-provisioner is a minimal-input, automatic secure boot provisioning system for Raspberry Pi devices. It is entirely free to download and use, and can be found on our GitHub page here: https://github.com/raspberrypi/rpi-sb-provisioner.

pi-gen is the tool used to create the official Raspberry Pi OS images, but it is also available for third parties to use to create their own distributions. This is the recommended approach for Raspberry Pi Compute Module applications that require customers to build a custom Raspberry Pi OS-based operating system for their specific use case. This is also free to download and use, and can be found here: https://github.com/RPi-Distro/pi-gen. The pi-gen tool integrates well with rpi-sb-provisioner to provide an end-to-end process for generating secure boot OS images and implementing them on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5.

rpi-image-gen is a new image creation tool (https://github.com/raspberrypi/rpi-image-gen) that may be more appropriate for more lightweight customer distributions

For bring-up and testing and where there is no requirement for the full provisioning system rpiboot is still available on Raspberry Pi Compute Module 5. Raspberry Pi Ltd recommends using a host Raspberry Pi SBC running the latest version of Raspberry Pi OS and the latest rathoot from https://github.com/raspberrypi/usbboot. You must use the ‘Mass Storage Gadget option when running rpiboot, as the previous firmware-based option is no longer supported.

聯繫方式，了解更多信息

請聯繫
applications@iraspberrypi.com
if you have any queries about this whitepaper.
Web: www.raspberrypi.com

文件/資源

Raspberry Pi 計算模組 4 [pdf] 使用者指南
計算模組 4，模組 4

參考

使用者手冊

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